Bridge crane is the setting guarantee generally configured in the field of construction industry in our country. It has the characteristics of wide coverage, high application degree and fast popularization speed in the operation of industrial system in our country. It is the basic equipment for the development of major industries in our country. At present, it has successfully covered every corner of land, sea and air, civil and military. On the other hand, bridge crane is an important guarantee for the safe and effective operation of construction engineering system in our country, throughout the entire heavy industry industry, to ensure the safe operation of the industrial system. Focus on the operation of the bridge crane fault analysis and solution, in order to effectively avoid dangerous accidents, maintenance of heavy industry work system stability, smooth, safe operation, but also to reduce the economic losses of enterprises, to protect the personal safety of staff.
1 bridge crane common problems and solutions
Common Problems and Solutions of 1.1 Hook
The hook is the bridge crane with the most fetching device, it bears the lifting of all the load, in the use of the process, the hook once damaged fracture easily cause major accidents. The reason for the damage and fracture of the hook is that the hook has cracks, deformation, damage and fracture due to friction and overload. In order to prevent the hook from malfunctioning, overload lifting is strictly prohibited during use. In the inspection process, attention should be paid to the opening degree of the hook and the wear of the dangerous section. At the same time, the hook should be annealed regularly. Once cracks are found, the hook should be scrapped according to the GB10051-88, and the hook should not be welded and patched. The special equipment management personnel shall check the hook according to the requirements of the GB10051-88 to determine whether the hook can be used.
Brake Failure of 1.2 Crane and Its Measures
The main reasons for the failure of the brake and the serious wear of the pin shaft are: because the brake is the key component of the bridge crane in the working state of high frequency, the crane will generate a large amount of dynamic load when braking, and the crane in the long-term working frequency will lead to serious wear of the pin shaft under the condition of large load and impact of each part, making the brake failure.
In the prevention and solution of the fault, first of all, the equipment inspection personnel of the bridge crane are required to seriously deal with the braking requirements of each equipment of the crane, strictly adjust the requirements in the instruction manual of the bridge crane, and carefully check the gap between the brake shoe and the brake wheel in the crane components. In order to ensure the normal operation of the brake under a small dynamic torque, the compression length can be changed by adjusting the nut of the main spring. In addition, lubricant should be used regularly for each corresponding part of the crane to ensure its normal working efficiency, the completeness of the brake and its components should be checked regularly, the brake belt and pin shaft with serious wear should be replaced in time, and the components should be replaced in strict accordance with the scrap standard of crane brake parts to ensure the update of crane parts and make them operate safely and effectively.
Oil Leakage of Reducer of 1.3 Crane and Its Solution
The main reasons for the oil leakage of the reducer are: First, the design of the components is unreasonable, such as no vent hole or too small vent hole, etc., which leads to the internal and external pressure of the reducer cannot be balanced, and the phenomenon of lubricating oil overflow will occur; Second, the manufacture of the crane cannot meet the strict design standards, which will lead to insufficient precision of the joint surface of the crane box, resulting in poor sealing of the reducer components and leakage; the third is the improper use and maintenance of the crane reducer. Under the high-frequency work of the crane, the dust of the ventilation cover will be too much, causing the ventilation cover to be blocked, which will cause the machine to generate higher pressure and oil spill.
In the prevention and solution of faults, it is required to continuously improve the design standards of bridge cranes, and set up ventilation equipment on the reducer hole cover of the crane to keep the pressure inside and outside the box smooth and avoid oil leakage. In addition, the maintenance of the crane should be done in time, and the maintenance personnel should be organized to check the ventilation holes of the dredging reducer frequently, and the stability of each gasket should be paid attention to to avoid its failure in operation, check the tightness of bolts in time to ensure the normal operation of components.
2 Strengthen and consolidate the operation and maintenance of bridge cranes to ensure their stable and healthy development
First of all, the establishment of a sound crane operation in the maintenance of the management system, to strengthen the training and education of personnel.
In order to make the bridge crane can operate safely and effectively, it is necessary to establish a complete set of safety management measures on the basis of constantly summing up management experience, improve staff awareness and operation and maintenance management skills, take accurate operation steps as the basis for decision-making, strengthen the regular inspection and maintenance of crane electrical equipment operation and protection, and constantly accumulate data for analysis, so as to establish a crane protection system and prepare for equipment maintenance, at the same time, the use of safety management and other means to improve the effectiveness and convenience of crane operation, gradually improve management efforts, innovative management methods, is an important guarantee for the establishment of a comprehensive, systematic, safe and stable bridge crane operation system.
Secondly, constantly update the introduction of new technologies, learn from foreign practical experience, and promote the renewal of equipment and technology.
With the continuous improvement of China's scientific and technological level and the vigorous development of social industries in various fields, the device and technical level of bridge cranes should also follow their progress, which is not only reflected in the renewal of the use of power system equipment, but also should be vigorously strengthened in the upgrading of advanced technology. In recent years, the device of bridge cranes in China strives to achieve scientific and effective management and control of the network, the scientific safety management of the crane power system from the original human-based transformation to today's network, artificial intelligence direction process, the establishment of a comprehensive, new technological innovation support guarantee, to ensure the stable and healthy operation of the crane power system.
In addition, strengthen the daily maintenance and maintenance of the crane to ensure the safety system construction of the machine.
On the basis of long-term and high-frequency work, due to the differences of natural and human factors in various aspects such as environment, climate, geography and so on, various faults of crane system are caused. Different recovery measures are taken for different fault management, which requires us to pay attention to strengthening the daily maintenance and maintenance of cranes in actual work, so as to ensure the safety of machines and improve the efficiency of machines, in order to find and solve the power grid operation fault in time, ensure the stability of the machine system, and provide a good operating environment and necessary guarantee for the normal operation of the crane.